What Nobelists do with their Nobel Prize Medal and Cash and their Philanthropy
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Alfred Nobel
Chemist, Inventor, Awesome Administrator, Social Reformer.
“It could and should soon come to pass that all states pledge
themselves collectively to attack an aggressor. That would make war
impossible, and would force even the most brutal and unreasonable Power
to appeal to a court of arbitration, or else keep quiet.”
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Photo: © Nobel Foundation
Eugene F. Fama Ph.D., MBA
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economics Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013
Nobel co-recipients Lars Peter Hansen, Robert J. Shiller
Economist. Empirical analysis of asset prices. Influenced
development of index funds. Father of modern finance. Idea is ‘how do
you measure risk?’ Windsurfing, golf, opera.
In University of Chicago – Economics. Environment so productive.
“We have good people, you need that; very interactive environment;
people help one another out a lot. I couldn’t do what I did without the
help of my professors, colleagues and students. Everybody contributes to
everybody else.”
Nobel Prize Cash and Philanthropy
Photo Deryck Chan, courtesy to cameraman Sien Yi Tan. Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory,com
Sir John B. Gurdon Kt DPhil DSc FRS
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012
Nobel co-recipient Shinya Yamanaka
Developmental Biologist. Mature cells can be reprogrammed to become
pluripotent. Hobbies: Outdoor sports, mountaineering, travelling, but
not theatre, music, reading.
At age15, damning school report: …he will not listen, but will insist
in doing his work his own way…has ideas of becoming a Scientist…waste of
time for him and teachers.
`Know Thyself
Nobel Medal Cash and philanthropy
Photo U Montan nobelprize.org. Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Ei-ichi Negishi
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010
Nobel Co recipients Richard F. Heck, Akira Suzuki
Organic Chemist. Inventor of organozinc variant of the palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. Read voraciously including “how to …” publications. Dreamt of Nobel half century prior to being awarded prize. Upon arriving in US and discovering Nobelists visiting UPenn, realized that being awarded the Nobel could happen to anybody including himself.
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.org
John C. Mather Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006
Nobel Prize also awarded to George F. Smoot
Physicist – Astrophysics, Instrumentation. COBE, Blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
“For years I had successfully repelled all challenges to my
concentration on one overwhelming responsibility. Now, it was done, and I
switched my attention to …”
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Drawing: Ami Mowris
Simon S. Kuznets Ph.D.
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1971
Economist and Statistician. Interpreted economic growth in a manner which helped better understand economic and social structure.
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Robert W. Holley Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968
Nobel co-recipients: H. Gobind Khorana, Marshall W. Nirenberg
Organic Chemist. ‘Interpreted genetic code and its function in protein synthesis’ First chemical synthesis of penicillin. Research: amino acids, peptides, protein biosynthesis. Discovered and isolated tRNA [transfer RNA] – alanine transfer RNA.
Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Georg von Békésy Ph.D. [Physics]
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961
Physicist, Communication engineer. Psychophysiology of hearing.
Physical mechanism of stimulation within cochlea, a frequency analyzer.
Accidental selection of science field. Technically skillful, elegant
experimental design. He nuisance to autopsy room, mechanical workshops.
“Found inner ear beautiful under stereoscopic microscope. It was pleasure of beauty that made me stick to ear.”
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Chuck Painter / Stanford News Service
William B. Shockley Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956
Nobel co-recipients John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Photo Wiki. Painting: Tim Tomkins – Painthistory.com
Hans Krebs M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953
Co-Nobelists Fritz Lipmann
Physician, Biochemist. Discovered citric acid cycle in which nutrients are converted to chemical energy molecules which are converted to ATP used in chemical processes. Krebs-Henseleit cycle.
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Sir Alexander Fleming M.B., B.S.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945
Co-Nobelists: Ernst B. Chain, Sir Howard Florey
Physician – Bacteriologist, Immunologist. While researching
Influenza virus, made ground breaking discovery: penicillin, by not
neglecting chance observation – mould contaminating culture plate. WWI
caused interest in Antiseptics. WWII, production cost was immaterial.
Destiny.
Lone worker gets idea; details developed by team, but prime idea is due to enterprise, thought, perception of an individual.
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Alexander Fleming’s Nobel Prize medal is in the National Museums of Scotland.
Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
George H. Whipple M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934
Co-Nobalists George R. Minot, William P. Murphy
Physician; Pathologist. Pernicious anaemia liver therapy. Whipple
Disease. Intestinal parasites. Blackwater fever. WWII, Chloroform
anesthesia induced liver necrosis. Liver regeneration. Tuberculosis.
Pancreatitis. Used Nobelists Joliot Curie’s, Fermi’s, E.O. Lawrence’s
radioactive isotopes; discovered iron metabolism; protein metabolism,
distribution, functions. Bile constituents. Red cell stroma.
Gentle. Quiet. Wanted to be remembered as teacher.
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Thomas H. Morgan Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933
Zoologist, Geneticist. Chromosome role in heredity, sex
determination. Drosophila. Genes stored in chromosomes in nuclei.
Epigenetics. Combination rule. Limited number of combination groups.
Crossing-over rule. Linear arrangement of genes in chromosomes.
Didn’t attend Nobel award ceremony, because in Caltech, busy
establishing new physiology group and with future of biochemistry,
genetics.
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman M.A. [Physics]
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1930
Atomic Physicist. Molecular Diffraction of Light. Raman Effect.
Structure, optical behaviour of iridescent substances. Acoustics,
violin.
Raman lost Nobel Prize money to fraudulent financer. Meeting fraudster
years later, he said: You deserve Nobel Prize for your cunning in duping
Nobel Laureate!
Playful comment: Unfortunately Economics Nobel instituted later in 1969!
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Willem Einthoven, Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924
Physician, Physiologist. Discovered electrocardiogram [EKG/ECG] mechanism. It was known that heart generates weak electrical current varying in health, heart disease. Invented galvanometer recording these currents. Named electrical waves P, Q, R, S, T. [P petite; next letters in alphabet]. Interests: Physics, Acoustics, Asthma, Optics, Physical activity. Great concentration. Generous, Kind.
Nobel Medal, Cash & Philanthropy
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Albert A. Michelson Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Painting: Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Theodore Roosevelt
The Nobel Peace Prize 1906
President, USA. International Peace Arbitrator, various treaties.
Vigorous, businesslike. “We abhor bully, oppressor, in private or public
life”. Conservationist, protected 230,000,000 acres of public land.
After camping in Yosemite National Park, “It was like lying in a great solemn cathedral, far vaster and more beautiful than any built by man.”
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Niels Ryberg Finsen M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1903
Physician. Founder, phototherapy in dermatology. Lupus vulgaris treatment. Researched salt. Despite having Niemann-Pick disease,
strong willed, persevering.
Denmark early education – Rector: “Niels is a very nice boy. His gifts
are small; he’s devoid of energy.” Cause: fagging for older pupils.
Moved to Iceland school;
succeeded despite not knowing language.
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Ronald Ross, Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902
Physician. Mosquitoes’ malarial parasites life-cycle. Mathematical
models for epidemiology. Malaria prevention. Contributed to pure,
applied mathematics.
‘My microscope was worn out, screws rusted with sweat from hands,
forehead; remaining eye-piece cracked; invaluable oil-immersion lens
remained good.’
‘Dingy military hospital, cracked microscope, medicine bottles – only laboratory and apparatus I possessed.’
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Painting Tim Tompkins – PaintHistory.com
Emil Adolf von Behring, Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901
Physician. Serum therapy, especially against diphtheria. Tuberculosis. Distinguished friends, associates: Friedrich Althoff, Prussian Under-Secretary, Education, Cultural Affairs; Ludolph Brauer, colleague, Internal Medicine, Marburg Medical Faculty; Friedrich Loeffler, bacteriologist; Ilya Mechnikov, 1908 Medicine Nobelist, Russian researcher, discovered phagocytosis, exchanged ideas; Émile Roux, Louis Pasteur’s pupil, researched diphtheria; Erich Wernicke, friend, colleague.